O niektórych współzależnościach pomiędzy glonami i bakteriami w środowiskach wodnych

Chróst, Ryszard J.

doi:ISSN 0013-2969

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Title: O niektórych współzależnościach pomiędzy glonami i bakteriami w środowiskach wodnych

Abstract:

This paper presents selected problems of ecological relations between algae and bacteria in aquatic environments. Section 2 discusses commensal and protoco-operative relations between planktonic microorganisms in water. The role of algae as producers of a large part of the organic matter in the environment and the effect of physical and biological factors on the' amount and rate of extracellular release of photosynthetic products into the water, are discussed.Other parts of section 2 deal with the role of aquatic bacteria in the mineralization and transformation of products secreted by algae, with particular emphasis on the role of glycolic acid in this problem. Values obtained by the isotope methods used to monitor the extracellular release by phytoplankton were found to be subject to methodological error (Fig. 3).Commensalism and protoco-operation between algae and bacteria are discussed for the examples of transformation of carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen compounds in waters.Section 3 discusses the symbiotic relationships between algae and bacteria. The examples cited indicate strong ties between certain species of bacteria and algae in aquatic environments. These dependencies consist of the mutual transfer of nutrients or growth factors, or the regulation of metabolic processes. A strong symbiotic relationship between Chlamydornonas reinhardtii and Coryne- bacter at the gene level is described. The bacteria, which live in the cytoplasm of the algal cells, induce gene expression in Chlamydomonas.Section 4 considers the parasitic dependencies between the components of the plankton mentioned. The role of bacteria parasitizing algae (causing their lysis) as a factor eliminating phytoplanktonic blooms in eutrophic waters is discussed.Section 5 discusses antibiosis between algae and bacteria as an ecological factor affecting bacteria in waters (Fig. 6). It has been found that during phytoplankton blooms algae produce antibacterial substances w’hich effect the selection and elimination of bacteria.Section 6 — in natural waters there are frequently insufficient resources of biologically significant ecological resources, as a consequence of which planktonic microorganisms compete for these resources. Algae and bacteria have been showm to compete in aquatic environments for organic matter, nitrogen, vitamins, and growth factors.The role of bacteria and algae in the assimilation of different forms of phosphorus fin waters is discussed.In conclusion, section 7, the author stresses the need for further ecological studies on the role and mutual relations betwTeen algae and bacteria in waters.

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