Metadata language
Analysis of the transfer of carbon
Creator: Contributor:Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Ekologii
Publisher: Place of publishing: Date issued/created: Description:Pages 711-732 : illustrations ; 24 cm ; Bibliographical references (pages 730-732) ; Abstract in Polish
Type of object: Subject and Keywords:mountain pastures ; carbon cycle ; Poland ; Pieniny Mountains
Abstract:The paper presents the results of 3 year investigations performed by a group of workers on the transfer of carbon through two trophic chains – the detritus chain and the grazing chain. The investigations were performed on two areas of a pasture differing in the amounts of organic fertilizers applied. 86% of the field layer plant production was found to be used by sheep. A very large part of the consumed mass returns to the ecosystem in the form of manure which decomposes much faster than unprocessed dead plant matter. Coprophages play an important role in the process of manure decomposition. After isolation from these animals the rate of manure decomposition decreased by almost one-half. In the soil manure causes an increase in the intensity of mineralization processes (increase of the biomass and respiration of several groups of soil organisms) as well as of humification processes (an increase in the production of earthworm coprolites and the abundant development of related bacteria). Intensive application of organic fertilizers was found to lead to simplification of the structure of the plant community and of several animal associations (Lumbricidae, Formicidae, Acarina).
References:
1. Andrzejewska L. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). V. Herbivores and their effect on plant production - Ekol. pol. 22: 527-534.
2. Berthet P. 1964 – L'activite des Oribatides (Acari: Oribatei) d'une Chenaie - Mem. Inst. r. Sci. nat. Belg. 152.
3. Bornemissza G. F. 1960 - Cold dung eating insects improve our pastures? - J. Aust. Inst. agric. Sci. 26: 54-56.
4. Breymeyer A. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in tlie Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). XI. The role of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in the utilization of sheep dung - Ekol pol. 22: 617-634.
5. Breymeyer A., Jakubczyk H., Olechowicz E. 1975 - Influence of coprophagous arthropods on microorganisms in sheep feces - laboratory investigation - Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Cl. II. Ser. Sci. biol. 23.
6. Czerwiński Z., Jakubczyk H., Nowak E. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). XII. The effect of earthworm on the pasture soil - Ekol. pol. 22: 635-650.
7. Czerwiński Z., Jakubczyk H., Tatur A., Traczyk T.1974 – Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). VII. The effect of penning-up sheep on soil, microflora and vegetation - Ekol. pol. 22: 547-558.
8. Czerwiński Z., Kotowska J., Tatur A. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). I. Short geobotanical characteristics - Ekol. pol. 22: 475-486.
9. Czerwiński Z., Tatur A. 1974a - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). II. The soil-geological conditions - Ekol. pol. 22: 487-504.
10. Czerwiński Z., Tatur A. 1974b - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). VI. The effect of penning-up sheep on some chemical properties of soil - Ekol. pol. 22: 535-546.
11. Cummins K. W. 1967 - Calorific equivalents for studies in ecological energetics – Pymatuning Lab. of Ecology, Univ. of Pittsburgh, 52 pp.
12. Dahlman R. C., Kucera C. L. 1965 - Root productivity and turnover in native prairie - Ecology, 46: 84-89.
13. Delchev Kh., Kajak A. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). XVI. Effect of pasture management on the number and biomass of spiders (Araneae) in two climatic regions (the Pieniny and the Sredna Gora mountains) - Ekol. pol. 22: 693-710.
14. Filipek J., Skrijka P. 1973 - Rola azotu, fosforu i potasu w nawożeniu górskiej łąki kośnej w zależności od charakteru zbiorowiska roślinnego i warunków siedliskowych. II. Doświadczenia na łące typu kostrzewy czerwonej, mietlicy pospolitej i kostrzewy łąkowej - Acta agr. et silv. Ser. Agraria, 13: 19-31.
15. Floate M. S. J. 1970 - Decomposition of organic matter from hill soils and pastures. II. Comparative studies on the mineralization of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from plant materials and sheep faeces - Soil Biol. Biochem. 2: 173-185.
16. Gołębiowska J., Margowski Z., Ryszkowski L. (in press) - An attempt to estimate the energy and matter economy in the agrocenoses (In: Ecological effects of intensive agriculture. Ed. L. Ryszkowski) - PWN, Warszawa.
17. Jakubczyk H. 1971 - Decomposition rate of organic matter and microbiological activity (In: Productivity investigation of two types of meadows in the Vistula Valley) - Ekol. pol. 19: 121-128.
18. Jakubczyk H. 1974a - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). VIII. Development of microflora in dung and in soil of a spring sheep-fold - Ekol. pol. 22: 559-568.
19. Jakubczyk H. 1974b - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). IX. Decomposition processes and development of microflora in the soil - Ekol. pol. 22: 569-588.
20. Jankowska K. 1967 - Sezonowe zmiany roślinności i produkcja pierwotna netto w płacie łąki Arrhenatheretum elatioris - Studia Naturae, 1: 153-174.
21. Jarklova J. 1972 - Decomposition of dead plant matter in four alluvial communities (In: Ecosystem study on grassland biome in Czechoslovakia - PT - PP/IBP Report.) - 2: 65-70.
22. Jensen H. L. 1936 - Contributions to the microbiology of Australian soils - Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 41: 27-55.
23. Kiełpiński J., Karkoszka W., Wiśniewska St. 1958 - Badania nad koszarzeniem łąk i pastwisk górskich - Roczn. Nauk roln. F, 72: 1055-1086.
24. Klapp E. 1962 – Łąki i pastwiska - PWRiL, Warszawa, 600 pp.
25. Kopeć S., Kostuch R. 1966 - Kształtowanie się wilgotności gleb oraz plonów na pastwiskach górskich nawożonych i nienawożonych w zlewni Czarnej Wody koło Jaworek - Roczn. Nauk roln. D, 118: 135-160.
26. Kostuch R. 1966 - Użytki zielone zlewni Białej Wody - Roczn. Nauk roln. 118, 161-184.
27. Kostuch R., Król J. 1966 - Użytki zielone zlewni Czarnej Wody na tle stosunków fizjograficznych zlewni własnej oraz zlewni Bialej Wody w Jaworkach - Roczn. Nauk roln. 118: 185-215.
28. Kostuch R., Kuc J. 1973 - Wpływ wysokości koszenia na pion i skład botaniczny górskich użytków zielonych - Wiad. Inst. Mel. Użyt. Ziel. 11: 103-121.
29. Kotańska M. 1970 - Morfologia i biomasa podziemnych organów roślin w zbiorowiskach łąowych Ojcowskiego Parku Narodowego - Studia Naturae, A, 4: 1-108.
30. Kubicka H. 1973 - The evolution of CO2 in two meadow communities - Ekol. pol. 21: 73-88.
31. Kucera C. L., Dahlman R. C., Koelling M. R. 1967 - Total net productivity and turnover on an energy basis for tallgrass prairie - Ecology, 48: 536-541.
32. Lewis J. K. 1971 - The Grassland biome: A synthesis of structure and function, 1970 (In: Preliminary analysis of structure and function in grasslands. Ed. N. R. French) - 317-387.
33. Luxton M., Thomas I. O. M. 1972 - Mites (In: Report of IBP/PT Theme 8 Meeting - Soil fauna and decomposition processes) - Louvin, 108-144.
34. Łomnicki A., Bandoła E. 1967 - Szybkość znikania martwych części roślin jako podstawa oceny produkcji pierwotnej netto ekosystemów lasu bukowego i łąki w Ojcowskim Parku Narodowym - Studia Naturae, 1: 19-24.
35. Mac Diarmid B. N., Watkin B. R. 1972 - The cattle dung patch 2. Effect of a dung patch on the chemical status of the soil, and ammonia nitrogen losses from the patch - J. Br. Grassld Soc. 27: 43-48.
36. Nowak E. 1975 - Population density of earthworms and some elements of their production in several grassland environments - Ekol. pol. 23.
37. Odum E. P., de la Cruz A. A. 1967 - Particulate organic detritus in a Georgia salt marsh estuarine ecosystem - Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Publ. 83: 383-388.
38. Olechowicz E. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). X. Sheep dung and the fauna colonizing it - Ekol. pol. 22: 589-616.
39. Pętal J. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). XV. The effect of pasture management on ant population - Ekol. pol. 22. 679-692.
40. Plewczyńska-Kuras U. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). IV. Biomass of the upper and underground parts of plants and of organic detritus - Ekol. pol. 22: 517-526.
41. Reichle D. E. (in press) - An advance in ecosystem study.
42. Reuss J. O. 1971 - Decomposer and nitrogen cycling investigations in the grassland biome (In: Preliminary analysis of structure and function in grasslands. Ed N. R. Fremch) - 133-146.
43. Sauerbeck D. 1968 - Comparison of plant material and animal manure in relation to their decomposition in soil (In: Isotops and radiation in soil organic matter studies) - Vienna, 219-225.
44. Sims P. L., Singh J. S. 1971 - Herbage dynamics and net primary production in certain ungrazed and grazed grasslands in North America (In: Preliminary analysis of structure and function in grasslands, Ed. N. R. French) - Fort Collins, 59-124.
45. Speidel B., Weiss A. 1971 - Primary production of a meadow (Trasetum flavescentis hercynicum) with different fertilizer treatments. Preliminary report (In: Integrated experimental ecology. Ed. H. Ellenberg) - Springer Verlag, New York, Heidelberg, Berlin, 61-67.
46. Tesarova M., Gloser J. 1972 - Soil respiration in a moist meadow plant community (In: Ecosystem study on grassland biome in Czechoslovakia - PT - PP/IBP Report) - 2: 91-93.
47. Traczyk T., Kochev Kh. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem. in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians). III. Primary production of Lolio-Cynosuretum association - Ekol. pol. 22: 505-516.
48. Treter K., Walewski R. 1971 - Wpływ terminu sprzętu pierwszego pokosu na wydajność łąki górskiej - Wiad. Inst. Mel. Użyt. Ziel. 10: 31-46.
49. Wasilewska L. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). XIII. Quantitative distrubution, respiratory metabolism and some suggestions on production of nematodes - Ekol. pol. 22: 651-668.
50. Witkamp M. 1971 - Forest soil microflora and mineral cycling (In: Productivity of forest ecosystems. Proceedings of the Brussels symposium 1969. Ed. Dungneau) - Unesco, Paris, 413-424.
51. Wood T. G., Lawton J. H. 1973 - Experimental Studies on the Respiratory Rates of Mites (Acari) from Beech - Woodland Leaf Litter - Oecologia, 12: 169-191.
52. Zlotin R. I. 1971 - Invertebrate animals as a factor of the biological turnover (In: IV Collog. Intern. de la Faune du Sol. Dijon, 1970) - Paris, 455-462.
53. Żyromska-Rudzka H. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (the Carpathians ). XIV. The occurrence of oribatid mites, intermediate hosts of cestodes - Ekol. pol. 22: 669-678.
MiIZ PAN, call no. P.2840 ; click here to follow the link
Language: Language of abstract: Rights:Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license
Terms of use:Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -
Digitizing institution:Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Original in:Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Projects co-financed by: Access: