Name:

Banded flint : 2D documentation

Type of object:

Geological sample

Archaelogical site:

Krzemionki Opatowskie

Location- administrative unit (present):

Sudół, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski district, Świętokrzyskie province

Topographic location:

northeastern edging of Świętokrzyskie Mountains

Hydrographic network:

Vistula (Central part of the Vistula basin)

Object type:

siliceous rocks ; flint

Characteristics of the object- technique:

non

Characteristics of the object- raw material:

Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian)

Characteristics of the object- colour:

10YR 8/1, 7/1, 6/1 5/1 4/1 3/1

Characteristics of the object- transparency:

0 - non - transparent

Characteristics of the object- fracture:

matt

Characteristics of the object- texture/facture:

very densely banded, band thickness from under 1 mm to 3 mm; homogenous structure and texture of the matrix

Characteristics of the object- luster:

matt

Characteristics of the object- cortex:

very thin, under 1 mm

Characteristics of the object- transition:

under cortex a thin, blurred grey-whitish band up to 1 mm wide

Characteristics of the object- patina:

non

Characteristics of the object- colour of patine:

non

Characteristics of the object- width:

49 mm

Characteristics of the object- thickness:

16 mm

Characteristics of the object- length:

44 mm

Characteristics of the object- diameter:

49 mm

Characteristics of the object- weight:

49 g

Object description:

This type of flint is found in the Upper Jurrasic settlements of Świętokrzyskie Mountains. The most important exploration points and outcrops of this raw material are found on the northeastern Permo-Mesozoic ridge, in the strip running from Iłża to Zawichost (Król and Migaszewski 2009: 19; por. Krajcarz et al., 2014). Banded flint was described for the first time by Stefan Krukowski (1939). It occurs in Jurassic limestone at various depths or in its weatherings. This regards above all the concretions or paralel layers. The size of concretions varies, the largest specimens reaching even a diameter of 2 m. But the average size oscillates between few and several centimeters. Large specimens have polycentric structure whereas smaller ones have simple structure, with core placed centrally. Banded flint is characterized by irregular splitting ability, resulting from varying hardness of singular bands in flint mass. Scar surfaces vary from smooth to lightly rough or uneven. Transparency is very low and only by the edges. Characteristic trait of this raw material is the presence of lightgrey, grey and dark grey bands arranged mostly concentrically, irregularly and alternantly (reminding onion-skin; Balcer 1975: 54; Migaszewski et al., 2006; Król and Migaszewski 2009: 21; Bąbel 2015)

Research Manager/ Creator of Collection:

Lech, Jacek

Accession number:

0275/FLI/PL

Chronology:

Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian)

Relation:

Atlas skał

Resource type:

Image

Detailed Resource Type:

Research data

Rights:

Creative Commons Attribution BY-SA 3.0 PL license

Terms of use:

Copyright-protected material. [CC BY-SA 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY-SA 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -

Digitizing institution:

Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Original in:

Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Projects co-financed by:

Operational Program Digital Poland, 2014-2020, Measure 2.3: Digital accessibility and usefulness of public sector information; funds from the European Regional Development Fund and national co-financing from the state budget. ; European Union. European Regional Development Fund

Access:

Open