Title:

The parasitic Hymenoptera in a beech forest on limestone. 2, Study of the sex ratios and their dependence on ecological factors

Subtitle:

Parasitic Hymenoptera in a beech forest... 2 ; Study of the sex ratios and their dependence on ecological factors

Creator:

Ulrich, Werner

Contributor:

Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology

Publisher:

Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology. Publishing Office

Place of publishing:

Dziekanów Leśny

Date issued/created:

1998

Description:

Pages 291-310 : illustrations ; 27 cm ; Bibliographical references (pages 305-307)

Type of object:

Journal/Article

Subject and Keywords:

sex ratio ; local mate competition ; parasitoids ; ground-photo-eclectors ; Hymenoptera

Abstract:

The sex ratio of the parasitic Hymenoptera of a beech forest on limestone near Göttingen (FRG) was studied using ground-photo-eclectors. Judged from the mean sex ratios the parasitoids could be separated into 4 groups. Parasitoids of miners and gall-makers had the highest sex ratios (30 to 40% males) and less than 5% of the species were thelytokous. The species which attack soil-living sapro- or mycetophagous Diptera as well as the parasitoids of ectophytophages had (on average) 20 to 30% males and only 1.5% of them were thelytokous. Parasitoids of sap-suckers and egg-parasitoids usually had sex ratios below 20% males and 29% of them were thelytokous. The lowest sex ratios (below 10% males) and the highest number of thelytokous species (30%) were found among hyperparasitoids and parasitoids of soil-living Staphylinidae. No clear trend was detectable between the sex ratio and the density of the species. The density fluctuations and the degree of aggregation of the species influenced the sex ratio. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that K-selected parasitoid species have higher sex ratios on average. Koinobiontic species (mostly parasitoids of gall-makers and miners) had (on average) significantly higher sex ratios if their host lives in the herb or crown layer (32% versus 21%). They also produced more males if they are univoltine (32% versus 22%) and hibernate as larvae or pupae (30% versus 17%). After a MANOVA-analysis the voltinism turned out to be the main influencing factor. There was a trend towards higher percentages of males in the summer generation.

References:

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Relation:

Polish Journal of Ecology

Volume:

46

Issue:

3

Start page:

291

End page:

310

Resource type:

Text

Detailed Resource Type:

Article

Resource Identifier:

ISSN 1505-2249

Source:

MiIZ PAN, call no. P.2840 ; click here to follow the link

Language:

eng

Language of abstract:

Rights:

Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license

Terms of use:

Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -

Digitizing institution:

Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Original in:

Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Projects co-financed by:

Operational Program Digital Poland, 2014-2020, Measure 2.3: Digital accessibility and usefulness of public sector information; funds from the European Regional Development Fund and national co-financing from the state budget.

Access:

Open