@misc{Bańkowska_Aleksandra_(1980–_)_Polacy_2024,
 author={Bańkowska, Aleksandra (1980– )},
 copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY-ND 4.0 license},
 address={Warszawa},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Instytut Historii PAN},
 language={pol},
 abstract={The article forms a short introduction to the basic issues of the history of the Polish emigration in the years 1865–1918. It discusses the genesis of the mass emigration in that period as well as its estimated statistics and the directions of emigration of Poles. It lists the places of their most numerous settlements and the main Polish community centres in Europe, USA, Canada, and Brazil. It cites the discussions surrounding the cultivation of Polish national consciousness among emigrants. The topic of the next part is the role of the Catholic parishes and clergy in the life of the Polish community centres and the problem of independence of Polish Catholics from the hierarchy of the Catholic Church in the USA. It also discusses the matter of the political, cultural, self help Polish diaspora organizations, including political parties operating in Europe in conjunction with the country and large Polish American diaspora organizations. Additionally, it characterizes the participation of Polish emigrants in the battles on the fronts of World War I and the political activities of the Polish community centres at that time.},
 type={Text},
 title={Polacy na emigracji i ośrodki polonijne w latach 1865–1918 : wprowadzenie},
 URL={http://rcin.org.pl./Content/242314/WA303_279134_II16420_Bankowska.pdf},
 keywords={emigration, Polish diaspora, Polish natrional diaspora, Catholic Church, Polish Catholic Church, Polish diaspora organisation, World War, 1914-1918, Polish people - foreign countries - intellectual life - 19th century, Polish people - foreign countries - intellectual life - 1900-1945, Poland - emigration and immigration - history - 19th century, Poland - emigration and immigration - history - 20th century, Polish people - foreign countries - history},
}